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Leaf miner major pest for young citrus
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A.T. Hagan
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Location: Gainesville, Florida, United States, Earth - Sol III

Posted: Fri 03 Feb, 2012 12:29 pm

And what a pain in the behind they are with very young trees...

http://www.bakersfield.com/entertainment/community/x1827696731/Leaf-miner-major-pest-for-young-citrus

Leaf miner major pest for young citrus
BY DAVID HAVILAND AND CRAIG KALLSEN Contributing writer | Friday, Jan 27 2012 10:01 PM

Last Updated Friday, Jan 27 2012 10:02 PM


A new exotic pest of citrus, citrus leaf miner, is spoiling the natural beauty of citrus foliage in the southern San Joaquin Valley.

The global pest, first found in California in Imperial County in 2000, has now moved up the coast and inland to sites throughout Kern County. Adult moths lay eggs that hatch into small worms that feed and cause mines in citrus leaves. In the summer and fall, when citrus trees begin to put out new growth, the new leaves become completely distorted, stunted and misshapen.

For most, citrus leaf miners will likely be nothing more than a nuisance. Research has shown that mature trees can tolerate damage without affecting the number or size of fruit. However, damage from feeding by the leaf miner can severely stunt young trees, and can reduce the aesthetic quality of citrus trees used for landscaping.

In most cases, control is not needed. Where the homeowner feels that it is, control can be difficult to achieve with foliar sprays because larvae are protected within the leaf from beneficial insects or pesticides.

Some assistance can be achieved by keeping new leaf growth to a minimum by removing sucker growth at the base of the tree and by not over-pruning or over-fertilizing. For bearing and non-bearing trees, homeowners can use imidacloprid (Bayer Advanced Fruit, Citrus, Vegetable Insect Control concentrate) to help alleviate the problem. This is a systemic pesticide that can be used once during the season. Read and follow label directions closely.

Generally, because lemons and grapefruit tend to produce many new leaves early in the spring and throughout summer and fall, these varieties often show the earliest and some of the worst symptoms.

Treating lemons and grapefruit with imidacloprid may be advisable in late May or early June, whereas postponing treatment of navel oranges until July may help extend the effective life of this insecticide.

Infestations of citrus leaf miner peak in August, September and October. Citrus leaf miner is not active during the winter, and treating this pest during the winter, early spring or during bloom will not be effective.

It is also important not to confuse citrus leaf miner with citrus peel miner. Citrus peel miner is another new pest found on the fruit and stems of citrus and other landscape plants. Citrus leaf miner, on the other hand, feeds almost exclusively on the leaves of citrus.

Both pests produce mines that cause primarily cosmetic and superficial damage.

In other countries, the two pests are attacked by several parasitic wasps that are barely visible to the naked eye. Efforts are under way to import more of these natural enemies to California. Once here, the hope is that these insects will become established and spread throughout urban and agricultural sites to feed on and control these pests.

For the meantime, it is important to learn to tolerate less than beautiful citrus trees until a long-term solution can be achieved.

More information on citrus leaf miner and its control can be found at the University of California Integrated Pest Management website at [url]ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn74137.html.[/url]

David Haviland and Craig Kallsen are both farm advisers for the UC extension, the former in entomology and pest management and the latter in citrus, subtropical horticulture and pistachios.
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Laaz
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Joined: 12 Nov 2005
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Location: Dorchester County, South Carolina

Posted: Fri 03 Feb, 2012 12:43 pm

Great story.

Quote:
Citrus leaf miner is not active during the winter


I wish that was true, but this winter they haven't let up.

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Millet
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Posted: Tue 07 Feb, 2012 2:12 am

While looking on the Internet, I ran across this home made formula for use against leaf miners. I have not idea of its value. I only offer it as a possibility. Thank goodness Colorado has no citrus diseases, leaf miners, or viruses of any kind

Home made remedy: http://www.ehow.com/how_8744585_rid-leaf-miners-homemade-repellents.html

Millet (349 ABo-)
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BobsCitrus
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Location: Hot and Windy, Tucson, AZ : Zone 9a

Posted: Sun 12 Feb, 2012 5:19 pm

As long as we are on the never-ending topic of CLM - I know I am supposed to look for them in the early evening, but what am I looking for? I have a feeling I'll be seeing them soon, but I don't want to waste my sprays before they are needed. (Sorry, lots of info on the web on treating, and what the damage looks like, but not as much on early detecting.)

Also, is anyone using pheromone delta traps for detection? Know of a decent supplier?

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adriano
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Posted: Tue 02 Oct, 2012 11:48 am

I piced up infected leaves this summer, but then the miners just move to newly formed leaves. So there is no much use in picking up leaves. I hope winter will kill them.

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Laaz
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Posted: Tue 02 Oct, 2012 1:10 pm

Yes they only attack new "soft" leaves. I wish I could say they died in winter, but they are back every spring...

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adriano
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 9:19 am

Maybe it is good thing, they are back. There are some areas on adriatic coast, which were hit hard by snow and ice. Those areas are minerfree this year, as well as citrusfree.

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Laaz
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 9:25 am

Laughing Yes, too much cold & the citrus disappear as well.

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Sanguinello
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 1:31 pm

Adriano, you must not pick the leafes !

Just hold the leaf egainst light, then you see the lil worms inside and can squeeze them.
I think themperatures under 0 ° C will kill them.

I do not believe the last winter really killed all Citrus at some areas at the Adria ...
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Laaz
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 1:36 pm

Not sure if you can get this in your area, but this is the best product to use against leafminers. http://www.bayeradvanced.com/insects-pests/products/fruit-citrus-vegetable-insect-control

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mrtexas
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 6:56 pm

Millet wrote:
While looking on the Internet, I ran across this home made formula for use against leaf miners. I have not idea of its value. I only offer it as a possibility. Thank goodness Colorado has no citrus diseases, leaf miners, or viruses of any kind

Home made remedy: http://www.ehow.com/how_8744585_rid-leaf-miners-homemade-repellents.html

Millet (349 ABo-)


This would work if you filled a large bottle with it and used the bottle to pound on the leaves.
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mrtexas
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 7:01 pm

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Laaz
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 7:13 pm

Would you want to put that percentage on something you're going to eat?

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mrtexas
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Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 7:35 pm

Laaz wrote:
Would you want to put that percentage on something you're going to eat?


The rate is 1 1/2 ounces per 100 gallons. I only spray it on potted liners. I use spinosad on edibles:

11.6% at $40.14/ounce active ingredient

http://www.ebay.com/itm/Conserve-SC-32-ounce-Insect-control-11-6-Spinosad-Qt-/280649410572?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item415802280c

vs 0.5% AT $212/ounce active ingredient

http://www.ebay.com/itm/FERTILOME-BORER-BAGWORM-LEAFMINER-16OZ-SPINOSAD-5-/120992040232?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item1c2bb00528

You might guess which one I chose....

One thing about ebay, you can get ANYTHING on ebay.
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mrtexas
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Joined: 02 Dec 2005
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Location: 9a Missouri City,TX

Posted: Wed 03 Oct, 2012 7:42 pm

Sanguinello wrote:
Adriano, you must not pick the leafes !
I think themperatures under 0 ° C will kill them.


Not true here. 15F(-5C) doesn't kill them as they pupate in the ground in winter and the ground doesn't freeze here.
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