When a seed germinates, the primary root or radical quickly extends downward to support the developing new plant. In nature the tip of the taproot suppresses all secondary root development until its vigor begins to decline as oxygen and conditions for root functions deteriorate with depth. The tip of the taproot controls branching below ground much like the terminal bud controls branching above ground. If you want the top of a tree or a side limb to branch, cut off the tip. Roots respond the same way. Mechanical root pruning (cutting the root) and air root pruning (dehydration pruning of the root tip) work the same way, by taking away the chemical (hormonal) control the tip on the root has over the tissues just back from that point. Air root pruning causes multiple secondary and tertiary roots to develop, producing an excellent fibrous root system containing thousand of white root tips to absorb water, oxygen and nutrients. (Plant Production In Containers II) - Millet