I was wondering if a 'shock' caused by environmental changes can result in twig dieback?
With the environmental changes I mean for instance moving a citrus tree to a winter storage with different humidity, sunlight and temperature then outside.

I would say twig die back for a container grown tree, is in conjunction with some action occurring in the tree's root zone. - Millet

such changes are a big stress for a plant
if a plant was already weak before, then that could cause all kind of troubles

Twig die back can be caused by several things. I have read that frequently twig die back is the tree's method of keeping in balance the underground and the above ground (roots/scion) portions of the tree. - Millet