Much research has shown that leaves on the lower limbs of the trunk contribute most to the development of trunk diameter and strength, plus strong root growth. Trees properly grown will have a trunk taper like a good deep-sea fishing rod. You will not get such trunk development without leaving on the lower limbs, and allowing them sufficient light and space to function. Tree height is not the criteria to use when evaluating young tree quality. Trunk diameter, or taper, is far more important. Plus tall slender trees always have poor root systems, because roots cannot grow without energy and the energy for their growth comes from the lower limbs. Later, after the tree has developed, there is plenty of time to remove the lower branches to improve the tree's aesthetics. Further when a seedling tree is 2 inches tall place the tree outside in full sun and full wind. You want their trunks to bend in the wind, as the more the new trunks flex back and forth the larger in diameter and the stronger they become . This is natures method for producing strong straight quality trees. - Millet (922-)
